What is vulval lichen sclerosus (LS)
Lichen sclerosus (LS) is a rare long-term condition that mainly affects the genital area. Find out what vulval lichen sclerosus (LS) is and where to get more information
Lichen sclerosus (LS) is a rare long-term skin condition that causes itchy white patches. LS mainly affects the genital area but can appear anywhere on the skin.
Lichen sclerosus affects people of all ages but is more common in women over 50. Around 1 in 100 women are affected by LS.
The most common symptoms of vulval LS are itching or discomfort around the opening of the vagina (vulva). Vulval lichen sclerosus usually does not affect other areas of the vagina.
What causes lichen sclerosus (LS)?
It’s not known what causes lichen sclerosus. A possible cause could be your immune system mistakenly attacking and damaging your skin.
Lichen sclerosus is:
- not caused by an infection
- not contagious – you cannot spread it to others through sex or other close contact
- not caused by poor personal hygiene
- not related to allergies
LS does not lower your immune system or affect your internal organs.
How is lichen sclerosus treated?
Right now, there is no cure for lichen sclerosus, but using a strong prescription topical steroid cream usually helps relieve the symptoms. Topical means that the steroid is applied to your skin. The steroid helps to stop damage to your skin and ease discomfort.
Does lichen sclerosus cause complications?
Although treatment can help, the affected skin can sometimes become scarred and tight over time. This can cause discomfort. In cases where LS is severe, a small operation can be done to widen the vagina.
Lichen sclerosus can also increase your risk of getting cancer on your vulva. It’s important to remember that vulval cancer is very rare, so your risk would still be very low if you have LS.
More information and support
Wellbeing of Women co-funded a new online guide to give women affected by vulval lichen sclerosus information to help them manage LS.
The guide covers areas such as:
- Information about vulval lichen sclerosus including video resources
- Information on diagnosis, referrals, check-ups and support
- Everyday life with vulval LS
- Information for carers and partners of people with vulval lichen sclerosus
- Information for healthcare professionals
The NHS also has information about lichen sclerosus. You can also download a patient information leaflet from the British Association of Dermatologists